Abstract:Aim To explore the regularity and difference of cardiovascular aging of Han nationality in Urumqi and Yili. Methods A total of 474 Han residents with self-rated health were selected from Urumqi and Yili, including 314 in Urumqi and 160 in Yili. The rules and differences of cardiovascular aging of Han nationality in Urumqi and Yili were compared by means of on-the-spot investigation, laboratory detection and cardiac color ultrasound examination. Results Among the cardiovascular aging related indexes of Han nationality in Urumqi and Yili, systolic blood pressure (SBP), pulse pressure (PP), pulse pressure index (PPI), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), cystatin C (CysC), ascending aorta diameter (AAD), left atrial longitudinal diameter (LAD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), right atrial diameter (RAD), right ventricular diameter (RVD) and pulmonary arterial diameter (PAD) increased with age. However, the indexes of plasma albumin (ALB) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decreased with age, the indexes that can be used as markers of cardiovascular aging were SBP, PP, BUN, CysC, ALB, LAD, LVEDD, LVESD, RVD, LVEF. Comparison between different regions in the same age group:the progression of cardiovascular aging increased with age in the 30～44 years old group and the 45～59 years old group of the Han nationality in the two regions, and Urumqi progressed faster than Yili; The cardiovascular aging process of Han nationality was faster in 60～74 years old group than that of the former two age groups, and the progress in Yili was faster than that in Urumqi. In the group of ≥75 years old, the progression of cardiovascular aging in Han nationality was faster in Urumqi than in Yili. Conclusion With the increase of age, the cardiovascular aging process of healthy Han residents is not constant in Urumqi and Yili, among the four age groups, the cardiovascular aging process of Han nationality is the fastest in 60～74 years old group, and 60 years old may be the threshold inflection point of accelerated cardiovascular aging.

Abstract:Aim To evaluate the characteristics of cardiac structure and function in atherosclerotic adults during quietness and exercise in order to assess the risk and adverse consequences of cardiac changes during exercise. Methods 107 Beijing residents aged 40-59, including 21 males and 86 females, were selected. According to the criteria of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), the participants were divided into normal arterial stiffness group (n＝71) and arteriosclerosis group (n＝36). After resting echocardiography, all participants performed a horizontal exercise test that the initial load was 25 W, increasing 25 W every two minutes. Echocardiography and blood pressure data were obtained at 30 seconds before the end of each exercise and convalescence. Results (1)Compared with the normal arterial stiffness group, the arteriosclerosis group showed increasing interventricular septum thickness at end-diastole, left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole (LVPWd), left ventricular mass, left ventricular mass index, ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS) (P＜0.05) and decreasing peak flow velocity of early diastole/peak flow velocity of atrial contraction (E/A) (P＜0.05). (2)Left ventricular hypertrophy in the arteriosclerosis group was much higher than the normal arterial stiffness group (P＜0.05). (3)BaPWV was positively correlated with heart rate, EF, stroke volume and FS (P＜0.05). (4)During exercise, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVPWd and systolic blood pressure in atherosclerosis group were significantly higher than those in normal arterial stiffness group (P＜0.05). Conclusions Cardiac manifestations of atherosclerosis individuals include thickening of ventricular wall, increase of left ventricular mass, enhancement of systolic function, decrease of diastolic function, and remodeling of left ventricular geometry, and the change of systolic function is independent on the change of blood pressure. Compared with heart changes, arteriosclerotic people should prevent excessive blood pressure during exercise.

Abstract:Aim To investigate the correlation between ankle brachial index （ABI）,brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （BaPWV） and cardiac structure and function in patients with essential hypertension. Methods The study was performed on 151 hypertension patients who meet the criteria in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from August 2013 to October 2014. These selected patients were inquired for case history and given physical examination,the blood pressure,automatic arteriosclerosis tester（VP-1000）,cardiac ultrasound and blood biochemistry detection. According to the value of ABI and BaPWV,all patients were divided into two groups: low ABI group and normal ABI group,high BaPWV group and normal BaPWV group. Results （1） Interventricular septal thickness（IVST） in low ABI group was significantly higher than those in normal ABI group（P<0.05）. Compared with normal ABI group,left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF） and blood flow peaks E and A ratio（E/A） in low ABI group were obviously reduced（P＜0.05） Left atrium diameter（LAD） and IVST in high BaPWV group were higher than those in normal BaPWV group（P<0.05）. LVEF in high BaPWV group was lower than those in normal BaPWV group （P<0.05）. （2）Correlation analysis revealed that there was negetive correlation between ABI and IVST（r＝－0.769,P<0.05）,positive correlation between ABI and LVEF,E/A（r 0.668,0.566,P<0.05）. There was positive correlation between BaPWV and LAD,IVST（r0.331,0.474,P<0.05），negative correlation between BaPWV and LVEF（r＝－0.526,P<0.05）. Conclusion There was a significant correlation between ABI,BaPWV and cardiac structure and function in patients with essential hypertention,which can provide information for clinical doctors,early intervention treatment.