Abstract:Human intestinal microorganisms are the collective name of all microorganisms in human digestive system. More and more studies have shown that changes in the composition and diversity of intestinal microorganisms are closely related to cardiovascular diseases. This article will discuss the correlation between intestinal microorganisms and heart failure, including the role of their metabolites (short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, trimethylamine and trimethylamine oxide) in the pathogenesis of heart failure, and explore how to precisely intervene intestinal microflora in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of heart failure patients.

Abstract:Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) is a product which is formed by the metabolism of choline and other substances depending on the intestinal microflora. In recent years, studies at home and abroad have found that TMAO plays an important role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis (As). TMAO promotes As by mediating inflammatory signals and gene expression in vascular endothelial cells, increasing thrombosis risk, increasing scavenger receptor and promoting foam cell formation, influencing cholesterol transport pathways and metabolic pathways. This paper summarizes the related literatures in recent years, and finds that by controlling diet, regulating intestinal flora, inhibiting trimethylamine precursor metabolism, inhibiting flavin monooxygenase activity, TMAO level in blood circulation can be reduced and As progress can be prevented.