Abstract:Aim To observe the effect of intraperitoneal injection of hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) on reverse cholesterol transport in golden hamsters with high fat diet. Methods The male golden hamsters were divided into three groups:chow diet group, high-fat diet group, and high-fat diet＋HRS group. After 12 weeks of high-fat diet feeding and HRS administration, macrophages labeled with 3H-cholesterol were injected into hypercholesterolemic golden hamsters, and then radioactivity in blood, liver, bile, and feces was measured. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to assess the transcription and protein expression levels of cholesterol reverse transport-related genes in liver tissue. Results Long-term feeding with a high-fat diet induced significant hyperlipidemia and liver lipid accumulation in golden hamsters. Compared with the high-fat diet group, after HRS intervention, the body mass of golden hamsters decreased (P＜0.01), plasma TC and LDLC significantly decreased (P＜0.05), TG slightly decreased (P＝0.11), HDLC significantly increased (P＜0.01), oxidative stress index MDA in plasma and liver significantly decreased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01), antioxidant index glutathione (GSH) significantly increased (P＜0.01), liver weight/body weight ratio slightly decreased (P＝0.05), TC and TG in liver decreased by 10.8% (P＝0.05) and 20.1% (P＜0.01), respectively. Liver steatosis was significantly relieved, but there was no significant change in inflammatory factor levels. In isotopic tracing, high-fat diet fed golden hamsters treated with HRS showed decreased 3H radioactivity in plasma at 24 and 48 hours by 16.5% (P＜0.01) and 8.9% (P＜0.05) respectively, while increased 3H radioactivity was observed in liver, bile, and feces by 1.2-fold (P＜0.05), 1.2-fold (P＝0.08), and 1.1-fold (P＝0.08) respectively, compared to those fed a high-fat diet alone. Furthermore, RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses of liver tissue demonstrated that HRS intervention resulted in a decrease of CD36, scavenger receptor-B1 (SR-B1), and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) protein levels by 39.5% (P＜0.05), 40.5% (P＜0.01), and 28.0% (P＜0.01) respectively, an increase of ATP-binding cassette transporter G5 (ABCG5) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP2) protein levels by 1.5-fold (P＜0.05) and 1.3-fold (P＜0.01), and an increase of mRNA levels of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 and G8 by 2.9-fold (P＜0.05) and 3.2-fold (P＜0.01) respectively in high-fat diet-fed hamsters. Conclusions Intraperitoneal injection of HRS promotes reverse cholesterol transport in high-fat diet-fed golden hamsters and exerts lipid-lowering effects. Additionally, intraperitoneal injection of HRS may alleviate hepatic lipid accumulation by inhibiting hepatic lipid uptake and promoting cholesterol excretion from liver.

Abstract:AimTo investigate the association between plasma lipids and presence of unstable carotid plaques in middle-aged and elderly people with carotid plaques.MethodsTwo hundred and seventy patients with carotid plaques detected by B-mode ultrasonography were enrolled in the study and divided into the unstable plaque group(n=130) and the control group(n=140).The plasma lipid levels were also determined in all subjects.ResultsAfter the adjustment of age, gender, hypertension, diabetes and smoking, the Logistic analysis revealed that the following lipid parameters are associated with unstable carotid plaque: Non-HDLC(OR=1.27,95%CI 1.02～1.58, p=0.032), TC/LDLC(OR=1.67,95%CI 1.17～2.38, p=0.005), apoB(OR=4.53, 95%CI 1.21～16.94, p=0.025) and apoB/apoA1(OR=17.85,95%CI 3.63～87.87, p<0.001) .Among them, apoA1 was the protective factor of unstable carotid plaque, while the others were risk factors.In addition, apoB/apoA1 was determined as the independent risk factor of the presence of unstable carotid plaque.ConclusionsThese results suggest that apoB/apoA1 can be used as an independent predictive index to assess the risk of unstable carotid plaque formation in middle-aged and elderly people.

Abstract:Aim To observe the effects of diabetogenic (high fat high sucrose) diet on atherogenesis in New Zealand white rabbits. Methods Two groups of New Zealand white rabbits received regular rabbit chow, or high fat high sucrose diet for 24 weeks. The levels of plasma total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, and glucose were investigated, the areas of fatty streak of the aortae were measured after staining with Sodan IV, and the aortic, coronary specimens were observed with light and electron microscopies. Results The plasma glucose, and triglycerides, were significantly increased by high fat high sucrose feeding (glucose: 6.36±0.92 mmol/L vs 1.76±0.28 mmol/L, treated vs control,P<0.01; triglycerides: 1.75±0.56 vs 0.41±0.05 mmol/L, treated vs control,P<0.0001). At the end of 24 weeks, the early characteristics of atherosclerosis were present in the animals vascular specimens (lesion areas were 8.58%±1.35% vs 0.08%±0.06%,treated vs control,P<0.001). Conclusion High fat high sucrose feeding can induce hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia and atherosclerosis in New Zealand White rabbits, and this could be a potential animal model for studying the mechanisms of diabetes-accelerated a1therosclerosis. This study raised a question:What is the mechanism by which high fat high sucrose feeding induced atherosclerosis?The related hypothesis was given in this article.

Abstract:The plasma lipids of 44 type Ⅱ diabetics and 30 healthy persons were compared and analysed, the diabetics were divided into two groups. Group A(n=225) treated with D860 and glucozinc, while Group B only with D860, the course of treatment of both group was one month.The plasma lipids of the diabetics in both group and the healthy persons were measured before and after the treatment respectively. The results showed that:① The triglyceride(TG)and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) of the diabetics in both group were distinctly higher than that of the healthy persons, while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) was lower than that of healthy controls, ② After the treatment, the HDL-C of Group A was remarkably raised while the TG and LDL-C remarkably reduced, as for Group B, no distinct change was found in HDL-C. This study suggests that Zincic-tonic has an effect to raise the HDL-C level of diabetics who are, at the sametime,in treatment with plasma glucose-lowering medicines.

Abstract:Effects of Oenothera biennis L complex prescription on plasma lipids and experimental athrosclerosis of rabbits were observed.In the proventive group with supplement of Oenothera biennis L complex prescription(1 g. k-1 per day)for 16 weeks, the levels of serum total chotesterol and low density lipoprotein significantly reduced(P <0. 01 and p< 0. 05, respectively),the level of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol increased (p<0. 01), the proliferation of smooth muscle cells and the development of aortic atherosclerotic plague were inhibited.