Atherosclerosis (As) is the pathological basis of various vascular diseases, which affects the function of important organs. Recent studies have found that N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification plays a vital role in As. This paper summarizes the regulatory effects of m⁶A modification on vascular endothelial cell (VEC) injury, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) transformation, macrophage (M) differentiation, foam cell (FC) formation, pyroptosis, and lipid regulation, and summarizes the regulation function of some m⁶A regulatory proteins in As.