Selective autophagy is specific to degraded substrate proteins, including mitophagy, lipophagy, inflammasomophagy, reticulophagy, pexophagy, aggrephagy and ribophagy, etc. Atherosclerosis (As) is a chronic inflammatory disease mainly characterized by lipid accumulation, foam cell formation, endothelial cell dysfunction, abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell, and local inflammation. In recent years, a large number of studies have suggested that selective autophagy is involved in the development of As. This paper reviewed the regulatory mechanisms of selective autophagy, and the potential roles of mitophagy, lipophagy, inflammasomophagy, reticulophagy and pexophagy in As, which can provide new ideas for the treatment of As.