Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is one of leading cause of death in the world. Therefore, it’s essential to explore pathological processes of atherosclerosis. B cells have been considered as key immunoregulatory cells mediating immune and inflammatory effects in atherosclerosis. B cell activating factor (BAFF) is a cytokines belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family, which plays an important role in proliferation, differentiation and survival of B cells. Recently, growing evidence is emerging that BAFF seems to be involved in pathological processes of atherosclerosis by mediating subtype-specific survival of B cells. There might be a potential therapy of atherosclerosis by targeting or blocking BAFF and its receptors. This article reviewed research progress of BAFF in atherosclerosis.