Aortic dissection refers to the dissection hematoma formed when the intima of the aorta is torn by itself or external factors, and the blood in the lumen enters the middle layer of the artery wall through the intima breach. Aortic dissection is a dangerous acute disease and if the aortic dissection is completely torn, it will quickly lose blood and lead to circulatory failure and immediate death. Nonetheless, mechanistic studies of aortic dissection are currently poorly understood. Non-coding RNA is an independent RNA transcript, accounting for more than 90% of human genomic RNA. It usually does not encode protein, but acts as an important regulator to maintain normal physiological functions. So far, many studies have demonstrated that non-coding RNA are involved in the regulation of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, much attention has been paid to the study of non-coding RNA in aortic dissection. This article reviews the mechanism of non-coding RNA in aortic dissection, and emphasizes that non-coding RNA is a biomarker of aortic dissection and a potential preventive and therapeutic means to target aortic dissection, providing a broad idea for the development of targeted drugs using non-coding RNA as a carrier in the future.