Aim To investigate the predictive factors of long-term death in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). Methods From June 2012 to December 6,2 consecutive patients with AHF were enrolled in Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University. The patients were divided into survival group (n＝323) and death group (n＝189) according to whether they died within one year after discharge. The baseline data of patients were recorded. Patients were followed-up during the median foullow-up of 20.2 months, and all-cause death events were recorded. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of death. Results All-cause mortality within one year was 36.9%. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that AHF history (HR 1.1,5%CI 1.02~1.95, P＜0.05), increased heart rate (HR 1.1,5%CI 1.00~1.02, P＜0.05), elevated brain natriuretic peptide (HR 1.8,5%CI 1.05~3.01, P＜0.05), low albumin (HR 0.4,5%CI 0.92~0.97, P＜0.001), low serum sodium (HR 0.7,5%CI 0.94~1.00, P＜0.05) were independent predictors of long-term death in patients with AHF. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that AHF history (HR 1.1,5%CI 1.06~1.88, P＝0.018), increased heart rate (HR 1.1,5%CI 1.00~1.01, P＝0.024), low albumin (HR 0.6,5%CI 0.94~0.99, P＝0.003), low serum sodium (HR 0.7,5%CI 0.94~0.99, P＝0.010) were risk factors for long-term death in patients with AHF. ConclusionAHF history, increased heart rate, low albumin and low serum sodium were predictors of long-term death in patients with AHF.