Aim To investigate whether Nuciferine affect the proliferation of arterial endothelial cell by regulating SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway. Methods Human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) were co-cultured with Nuciferine of different concentrations (0 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L) for 24 hours. The expressions of SDF-1, CXCR4 mRNA and their proteins in each group were detected by RT-QPCR and Western blot techniques, respectively. The effects of different concentrations of Nuciferine on the colonization ability of HAEC were observed by endothelial cell tubule formation experiment in vitro. Results The expression of SDF-1/CXCR4 protein and mRNA increased in Nuciferine group, especially in 50 mg/L group. The tubule formation energy of HAEC in vitro was enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner in the Nuciferine group, which was the most obvious in the 50 mg/L group. Conclusion Nuciferine can promote the proliferation of vascular endothelial cell by up-regulating the expression of SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway.