Aim To analyze the related factors affecting the short-term prognosis of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with coronary heart disease, in order to provide some basis for improving the effect of CABG.Methods The clinical data of 65 patients who underwent the first CABG operation in the department of cardiac surgery of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital were collected from June to December 2019. The preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative clinical indicators and surgical effects of the included patients were compared, and the related factors that may affect the result of CABG were screened out. Results 55 patients underwent extracorporeal circulation CABG and 10 patients underwent off-pump CABG (OPCABG). High age led to the increase of abnormal (death and automatic) discharge rate after CABG (P＝0.024); OPCABG (P＝0.009) and high professional doctor (P＝0.027) could reduce postoperative hospital stay; Simultaneous treatment of heart valves might increase the incidence of postoperative complications (P＝0.012); Smoking could slow down the recovery of cardiac function (P＝0.017). The time of cardiopulmonary bypass was positively correlated with the time of intensive care unit (r＝0.621, P＜0.001). Among the 65 patients, 1 died in hospital, with a mortality rate of 1.54%. Conclusion Age, OPCABG, simultaneous valve management, smoking, operation by senior doctor, preoperative high density lipoprotein level and cardiopulmonary bypass time are the factors influencing the short-term prognosis of CABG in patients with coronary heart disease.