Vascular aging refers to the degenerative changes of vascular structure and function with aging, which affect the occurrence, progress and prognosis of various diseases. Vascular endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells are the essential component of vessel wall, which are the important cellular biological basis of vascular aging. In recent years, the relationship between microRNA (miRNA) of exosomes and vascular aging has become a research hotspot.This review will summarize the role of exosomal miRNA in the aging process of vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, and discuss the function of exosomal miRNA in vascular aging related diseases.