2025年6月14日 周六
Home > Archive>Volume 28, Issue 1, 2020 >67-73
PDF HTML XML Export Cite reminder
The relationship between the function of plant sterols and cardiovascular diseases
Author:
Affiliation:

Department of Cardiology, Tongoji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 43, China)

Clc Number:

R5

  • Article
    • | |
  • Metrics
    • |
  • Reference [73]
    • | | | |
  • Comments
    Abstract:

    Phytosterols have many functions such as lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation, and play a significant role in preventing atherosclerosis and treating cardiovascular diseases. This article analyzes a number of experimental research to review the function and mechanism of phytosterols, and the latest research progress on the relationship between plant sterols and cardiovascular diseases.

    Reference
    [1] Berry JD, Dyer A, Cai X, et al.Lifetime risks of cardiovascular disease.N Engl J Med, 2,6(4):321-329.
    [2] Estruch R, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Corella D, et al.Effects of a mediterranean-style diet on cardiovascular risk factors:a randomized trial.Ann Intern Med, 6,5(1):1-11.
    [3] Farquhar J W, Sokolow M.Response of serum lipids and lipoproteins O man to beta-sitosterol and safflower oil; a longterm study.Circulation, 8,7(5):890-899.
    [4] Lichtenstein AH, Deckelbaum RJ.AHA science advisory.Stanol/sterol ester-containing foods and blood cholesterol levels.A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism of the American Heart Association.Circulation, 1,3(8):1177-1179.
    [5] Klingberg S, Andersson H, Mulligan A, et al.Food sources of plant sterols in the EPIC Norfolk population.Eur J Clin Nutr, 8,2(6):695-703.
    [6] Gupta AK, Savopoulos CG, Ahuja J, et al.Role of phytosterols in lipid-lowering:current perspectives.Qjm, 1,4(4):301-308.
    [7] Wang P, Chen YM, He LP, et al.Association of natural intake of dietary plant sterols with carotid intima-media thickness and blood lipids in Chinese adults:a cross-section study.PLoS One, 2,7(3):e32736.
    [8] Lin X, Racette SB, Lefevre M, et al.The effects of phytosterols present in natural food matrices on cholesterol metabolism and LDL-cholesterol:a controlled feeding trial.Eur J Clin Nutr, 0,4(12):1481-1487.
    [9] Carden TJ, Hang J, Dussault PH, et al.Dietary plant sterol esters must be hydrolyzed to reduce intestinal cholesterol absorption in hamsters.J Nutr, 5,5(7):1402-1407.
    [10] Ash MM, Hang J, Dussault PH, et al.Phytosterol stearate esters elicit similar responses on plasma lipids and cholesterol absorption but different responses on fecal neutral sterol excretion and hepatic free cholesterol in male Syrian hamsters.Nutr Res, 1,1(7):537-543.
    [11] Ras RT, Geleijnse JM, Trautwein EA.LDL-cholesterol-lowering effect of plant sterols and stanols across different dose ranges:a meta-analysis of randomised controlled studies.Br J Nutr, 4,2(2):214-219.
    [12] Theuwissen E, Plat J, Van Der Kallen CJ, et al.Plant stanol supplementation decreases serum triacylglycerols in subjects with overt hypertriglyceridemia.Lipids, 9,4(12):1131-1140.
    [13] Sialvera TE, Pounis GD, Koutelidakis AE, et al.Phytosterols supplementation decreases plasma small and dense LDL levels in metabolic syndrome patients on a westernized type diet.Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 2,2(10):843-848.
    [14] Laitinen K, Gylling H.Dose-dependent LDL-cholesterol lowering effect by plant stanol ester consumption:clinical evidence.Lipids Health Dis, 2,1:140.
    [15] Rocha VZ, Ras RT, Gagliardi AC, et al.Effects of phytosterols on markers of inflammation:a systematic review and meta-analysis.Atherosclerosis, 6,8:76-83.
    [16] Kurano M, Hasegawa K, Kunimi M, et al.Sitosterol prevents obesity-related chronic inflammation.Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids, 8,3(2):191-198.
    [17] Nashed B, Yeganeh B, Hayglass KT, et al.Antiatherogenic effects of dietary plant sterols are associated with inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production in Apo E-KO mice.J Nutr, 5,5(10):2438-2444.
    [18] Lambert C, Cubedo J, Padro T, et al.Phytosterols and omega 3 supplementation exert novel regulatory effects on metabolic and inflammatory pathways:a proteomic study.Nutrients, 7,9(6).doi:10.3390/nu9060599.
    [19] Heggen E, Kirkhus B, Pedersen JI, et al.Effects of margarine enriched with plant sterol esters from rapeseed and tall oils on markers of endothelial function, inflammation and hemostasis.Scand J Clin Lab Invest, 5,5(2):189-192.
    [20] Shi C, Wu F, Zhu XC, et al.Incorporation of beta-sitosterol into the membrane increases resistance to oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation via estrogen receptor-mediated PI3K/GSK3beta signaling.Biochim Biophys Acta, 3,0(3):2538-2544.
    [21] Baskar AA, Al Numair KS, Gabriel Paulraj M, et al.beta-sitosterol prevents lipid peroxidation and improves antioxidant status and histoarchitecture in rats with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer.J Med Food, 2,5(4):335-343.
    [22] Mannarino E, Pirro M, Cortese C, et al.Effects of a phytosterol-enriched dairy product on lipids, sterols and 8-isoprostane in hypercholesterolemic patients:a multicenter Italian study.Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 9,9(2):84-90.
    [23] Burg VK, Grimm HS, Rothhaar TL, et al.Plant sterols the better cholesterol in Alzheimer's disease? A mechanistical study.J Neurosci, 3,3(41):16072-16087.
    [24] Pena-Altamira E, Petralla S, Massenzio F, et al.Nutritional and pharmacological strategies to regulate microglial polarization in cognitive aging and alzheimer's disease.Front Aging Neurosci, 7,9:175.
    [25] Cao ZQ, Wang XX, Lu L, et al.beta-sitosterol and gemcitabine exhibit synergistic anti-pancreatic cancer activity by modulating apoptosis and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition by deactivating Akt/GSK-3beta signaling.Front Pharmacol, 8,9:1525.
    [26] Fraile L, Crisci E, Cordoba L, et al.Immunomodulatory properties of beta-sitosterol in pig immune responses.Int Immunopharmacol, 2,3(3):316-321.
    [27] Rudkowska I.Plant sterols and stanols for healthy ageing.Maturitas, 0,6(2):158-162.
    [28] Jones PJH, Shamloo M, Mackay DS, et al.Progress and perspectives in plant sterol and plant stanol research.Nutr Rev, 8,6(10):725-746.
    [29] Solati Z, Moghadasian MH.Use of animal models in plant sterol and stanol research.J AOAC Int, 5,8(3):691-696.
    [30] Peterson DW, Nichols CW, Shneour EA.Some relationships among dietary sterols, plasma and liver cholesterol levels, and atherosclerosis in chicks.J Nutr, 2,7(1):57-65.
    [31] Volger OL, Mensink RP, Plat J, et al.Dietary vegetable oil and wood derived plant stanol esters reduce atherosclerotic lesion size and severity in apoE*3-Leiden transgenic mice.Atherosclerosis, 1,7(2):375-381.
    [32] Weingrtner O, Ulrich C, Lutjohann D, et al.Differential effects on inhibition of cholesterol absorption by plant stanol and plant sterol esters in apoE－/－ mice.Cardiovasc Res, 1,0(3):484-492.
    [33] Ntanios FY, Van De Kooij AJ, De Deckere EA, et al.Effects of various amounts of dietary plant sterol esters on plasma and hepatic sterol concentration and aortic foam cell formation of cholesterol-fed hamsters.Atherosclerosis, 3,9(1):41-50.
    [34] Strandberg TE, Gylling H, Tilvis RS, et al.Serum plant and other noncholesterol sterols, cholesterol metabolism and 22-year mortality among middle-aged men.Atherosclerosis, 0,0(1):282-287.
    [35] Escurriol V, Cofan M, Moreno-Iribas C, et al.Phytosterol plasma concentrations and coronary heart disease in the prospective Spanish EPIC cohort.J Lipid Res, 0,1(3):618-624.
    [36] Gylling H, Plat J, Turley S, et al.Plant sterols and plant stanols in the management of dyslipidaemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease.Atherosclerosis, 4,2(2):346-360.
    [37] Genser B, Silbernagel G, De Backer G, et al.Plant sterols and cardiovascular disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eur Heart J, 2,3(4):444-451.
    [38] Silbernagel G, Fauler G, Hoffmann MM, et al.The associations of cholesterol metabolism and plasma plant sterols with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.J Lipid Res, 0,1(8):2384-2393.
    [39] 莫中成, 唐朝克.胆固醇逆向转运关键蛋白介导药物和小分子调控脂代谢的机制研究.中国动脉硬化杂志, 8,6(4):325-328.
    [40] Juritsch A, Tsai YT, Patel MS, et al.Transcriptional control of enterohepatic lipid regulatory targets in response to early cholesterol and phytosterol exposure in apoE(－/－) mice.BMC Res Notes, 7,0(1):529.
    [41] Han H, Yan P, Chen L, et al.Flaxseed oil containing alpha -linolenic acid ester of plant sterol improved atherosclerosis in ApoE deficient mice.Oxid Med Cell Longev, 5,5:958217.
    [42] Eberle D, Hegarty B, Bossard P, et al.SREBP transcription factors:master regulators of lipid homeostasis.Biochimie, 4,6(11):839-848.
    [43] De Smet E, Mensink RP, Konings M, et al.Acute intake of plant stanol esters induces changes in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism-related gene expression in the liver and intestines of mice.Lipids, 5,0(6):529-541.
    [44] 司艳红, 商战平, 秦树存.胆固醇逆转运的新途径:胆固醇经肠道直接排出体外?.中国生物化学与分子生物学报, 1,7(11):17-1012.
    [45] Lo Sasso G, Murzilli S, Salvatore L, et al.Intestinal specific LXR activation stimulates reverse cholesterol transport and protects from atherosclerosis.Cell Metab, 0,2(2):187-193.
    [46] Repa JJ, Berge KE, Pomajzl C, et al.Regulation of ATP-binding cassette sterol transporters ABCG5 and ABCG8 by the liver X receptors alpha and beta.J Biol Chem, 2,7(21):18793-188.
    [47] Jain D, Ebine N, Jia X, et al.Corn fiber oil and sitostanol decrease cholesterol absorption independently of intestinal sterol transporters in hamsters.J Nutr Biochem, 8,9(4):229-236.
    [48] Kaneko E, Matsuda M, Yamada Y, et al.Induction of intestinal ATP-binding cassette transporters by a phytosterol-derived liver X receptor agonist.J Biol Chem, 3,8(38):36091-36098.
    [49] Plat J, Nichols J A, Mensink RP.Plant sterols and stanols:effects on mixed micellar composition and LXR (target gene) activation.J Lipid Res, 5,6(11):2468-2476.
    [50] Yang C, Mcdonald JG, Patel A, et al.Sterol intermediates from cholesterol biosynthetic pathway as liver X receptor ligands.J Biol Chem, 6,1(38):27816-27826.
    [51] Dumolt JH, Rideout TC.The Lipid-lowering effects and associated mechanisms of dietary phytosterol supplementation.Curr Pharm Des, 7,3(34):5077-5085.
    [52] Simons LA.Additive effect of plant sterol-ester margarine and cerivastatin in lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in primary hypercholesterolemia.Am J Cardiol, 2,0(7):737-740.
    [53] Malina DM, Fonseca FA, Barbosa SA, et al.Additive effects of plant sterols supplementation in addition to different lipid-lowering regimens.J Clin Lipidol, 5,9(4):542-552.
    [54] Han S, Jiao J, Xu J, et al.Effects of plant stanol or sterol-enriched diets on lipid profiles in patients treated with statins:systematic review and meta-analysis.Sci Rep, 6,6:31337.
    [55] Goldberg AC, Ostlund RE, Bateman JH, et al.Effect of plant stanol tablets on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering in patients on statin drugs.Am J Cardiol, 6,7(3):376-379.
    [56] Miettinen TA, Gylling H.Effect of statins on noncholesterol sterol levels:implications for use of plant stanols and sterols.Am J Cardiol, 5,6(1a):40d-46d.
    [57] Vuorio A, Kovanen PT.Decreasing the cholesterol burden in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia children by dietary plant stanol esters.Nutrients, 8,0(12) .doi:10.3390/nu10121842.
    [58] Blair SN, Capuzzi DM, Gottlieb SO, et al.Incremental reduction of serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with the addition of plant stanol ester-containing spread to statin therapy.Am J Cardiol, 0,6(1):46-52.
    [59] Racette S B, Lin X, Lefevre M, et al.Dose effects of dietary phytosterols on cholesterol metabolism:a controlled feeding study.Am J Clin Nutr, 0,1(1):32-38.
    [60] Davidson MH, Voogt J, Luchoomun J, et al.Inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption with ezetimibe increases components of reverse cholesterol transport in humans.Atherosclerosis, 3,0(2):322-329.
    [61] Lin X, Racette SB, Lefevre M, et al.Combined effects of ezetimibe and phytosterols on cholesterol metabolism:a randomized, controlled feeding study in humans.Circulation, 1,4(5):596-601.
    [62] Gomes GB, Zazula AD, Shigueoka LS, et al.A randomized open-label trial to assess the effect of plant sterols associated with ezetimibe in low-density lipoprotein levels in patients with coronary artery disease on statin therapy.J Med Food, 7,0(1):30-36.
    [63] 曹野, 王伟琼, 陈晨, 等.ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸的结构、代谢及与动脉粥样硬化的关系.中国动脉硬化杂志, 8,6(6):633-643.
    [64] Deng Q, Yu X, Xu J, et al.Effect of flaxseed oil fortified with vitamin E and phytosterols on antioxidant defense capacities and lipids profile in rats.J Food Sci, 2,7(6):H135-H140.
    [65] Garaiova I, Muchova J, Nagyova Z, et al.Effect of a plant sterol, fish oil and B vitamin combination on cardiovascular risk factors in hypercholesterolemic children and adolescents:a pilot study.Nutr J, 3,2:7.
    [66] Jacobs DM, Mihaleva VV, Van Schalkwijk DB, et al.The effect of plant sterols and different low doses of omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil on lipoprotein subclasses.Mol Nutr Food Res, 5,9(9):1745-1757.
    [67] Ras RT, Demonty I, Zebregs YE, et al.Low doses of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid from fish oil dose-dependently decrease serum triglyceride concentrations in the presence of plant sterols in hypercholesterolemic men and women.J Nutr, 4,4(10):1564-1570.
    [68] Katan MB, Grundy SM, Jones P, et al.Efficacy and safety of plant stanols and sterols in the management of blood cholesterol levels.Mayo Clin Proc, 3,8(8):965-978.
    [69] Derdemezis CS, Filippatos TD, Mikhailidis DP, et al.Review article:effects of plant sterols and stanols beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering.J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther, 0,5(2):120-134.
    [70] Lek M, Karczewski KJ, Minikel EV, et al.Analysis of protein-coding genetic variation in 0,6 humans.Nature, 6,6(7616):285-291.
    [71] Cao LJ, Yu ZJ, Jiang M, et al.Clinical features of 20 patients with phytosterolemia causing hematologic abnormalities.Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi, 9,9(16):1226-1231.
    [72] Silbernagel G, Chapman MJ, Genser B, et al.High intestinal cholesterol absorption is associated with cardiovascular disease and risk alleles in ABCG8 and ABO:evidence from the LURIC and YFS cohorts and from a meta-analysis.J Am Coll Cardiol, 3,2(4):291-299.
    [73] Hagiwara N, Kawada-Watanabe E, Koyanagi R, et al.Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol targeting with pitavastatin + ezetimibe for patients with acute coronary syndrome and dyslipidaemia:the HIJ-PROPER study, a prospective, open-label, randomized trial.Eur Heart J, 7,8(29):2264-2276.
    Related
    Cited by
    Comments
    Comments
    分享到微博
    Submit
Get Citation

CHEN Chen, QIN Yating, LV Chao, GUO Xiaomei. The relationship between the function of plant sterols and cardiovascular diseases[J]. Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis,2020,28(1):67-73.

Copy
Share
Article Metrics
  • Abstract:969
  • PDF: 1111
  • HTML: 0
  • Cited by: 0
History
  • Received:February 24,2019
  • Revised:May 23,2019
  • Online: December 18,2019
Article QR Code

You are the 59366 visitor

Post Code：421001 Fax：0734-8160523

Phone：0734-8160765 E-mail：dmzzbjb@163.net

Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Arteriosclerosis ® 2025