Sulfatide is a major component in the nervous system and is found in many systems generally, which is believed to play an important role in the pathophysiology of nervous system. However, Sulfatide palys a unique role in the physiologic mechanism not only in the nervous system but also in other systems with the development of the detection means and related research on sulfatide. Sulfatide has been found to be involved in the mechanism of human cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis in recent research. And it also has the “dual function” on procoagulant and anticoagulation.The biological function of sulfatide comes to be valued, and the research progress in recent years on the role of sulfatide in pathophysiology of various systems is reviewed.