Aim Through the establishment of atherosclerosis model in ApoE－/－ mice to investigate the effects of Ningxin Decoction, Xuesaitong and rosuvastatin on serum lipid, inflammatory factors and plaque structure. Methods Feed 80 ApoE－/－ mice aged 8 weeks with high-fat diet for 4 weeks at first. Eighty rats were randomly divided into four groups:Control group (n=20), NingxinJiedu Soup group (n=20), Xuesaitong group (n=20), Rosuvastatin group(n=20). Measure the body weight, tail artery blood pressure, detect total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) level after eight weeks. Detect the plaque. Analyze the expression level of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the serum of rats. Results The ApoE－/－rats in Control group showed apparent differences from other three groups in blood total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Among them, the ApoE－/－rat in Rosuvastatin group showed apparent differences from NingxinJiedu Soup group and Xuesaitong group. The ApoE－/－rat in Control group had no significant differences from other three groups in body weight, blood pressure. The concentration of IL-6, IL-1βand TNF-α in serum in Control group were higher than that in other three groups, while there were no obvious differences between the other three groups. Conclusions The animal model of atherosclerosis can be ideally established by ApoE－/－ rats and high lipid diet. Rosuvastatin has better effect in the control of plaque development, because of its lipid regulating effect. NingxinJiedu soup, Xuesaitong, rosuvastatin can reduce the expression of inflammatory factors. In addition, they also have the positive effect on fat adjustment and retarding atherosclerosis.