Aim To investigate the dyslipidemia distribution of population aged 45 and over and related factors in Shunqing District,Nanchong City,providing scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia. Methods Select 27 000 residents aged 45 and above from 8 communities in Shunqing District,Nanchong City,and investigate the lipid levels and influencing factors by questionnaires, medical examinations and dietary survey. The results were analyzed by chi-square or t-test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results The dyslipidemia detection rate ,awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate was 45.7%,7.2%,2.3% and 0.5%,respectively.Women accounted for 55.72% in the dyslipidemia population, 44.28% for men,and there existed a statistically significant difference between them(P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that:dyslipidemia was related to age, education level, smoking history, family history of hypertension, family history of diabetes, family history of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, exercise, eating fried pasta, height, weight,body mass index,waist circumference,hip circumference,eating fresh fruits in male and related to age, smoking history, family history of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, potato consumption, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference in female. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that:smoking, family history of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, exercise, eating fried foods, weight, BMI, waist circumference were risk factors, and age and education were protective factors in male;family history of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, potato consumption, weight, BMI, waist circumference were risk factors in female. Conclusion The dyslipidemia situation of the population aged 45 and over in Shunqing District,Nanchong City is not optimistic. We need to establish a comprehensive chronic disease management services model including dyslipidemia urgently,which will improve knowledge and skills of patient self-management,and reduce or delay the occurrence of cardiovascular events.