Aim To investigate the plasma total cholesterol （TC），triglyceride （TG），high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDLC），low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDLC），and non high density lipoprotein cholesterol （nHDLC） levels，lipid layer，risk assessment，treatment recommendations and drug treatment in Kailuan community and provide data for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia，and for further prevention and control of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Methods From 2010 to 2011，a total of 92967 cases in the Kailuan community were censured，serum TC，TG，LDLC，HDLC were measured at the central laboratory of Kailuan hospital. Lipid layer，assessment of risks，recommendations and drug treatment were given in different gender and age. Results The study included 69488 men and 19228 women from the Kailuan community. The mean fasting plasma lipids were: TC （male 4.93 mmol/L，female 5.00 mmol/L），LDLC （male 2.58 mmol/L，female 2.55 mmol/L），TG （male 1.32 mmol/L，female 1.17 mmol/L），HDLC （male 1.51 mmol/L，female 1.64 mmol/L） ，nHDLC （male 3.42 mmol/L，female 3.36 mmol/L）. Lipids level was higher in female than that of male after the age of 50～59. After adjusted by age and sex，high TC，TG，LDLC prevalence （male 7.48%，20.67%，2.59%，female 9.04%，9.97% and 2.88%） and the prevalence of low HDLC （male 11.52%，female 5.80%） were showed. The proportion of recommended drug treatment was 11.56% in male and 11.98% in female. After the age of 55～59，the proportion of recommended drug treatment were higher in female. In the recommended drug treatment group，only 2.28% male and 2.60% female was taking lipid-lowering drugs. Conclusion Lipids level was high in Kailuan community. According to the guidelines recommend，the proportion of actually taking lipid-lowering drugs was low. The focus group for lipids prevention was female after the age of 55～59.