Clinical studies showed inflammation plays a great role in all phases of the development of atherosclerotic lesions, from the fatty streak lesion formation to the eventual rupture of the vulnerable plaque.Inflammation biomarkers may reflect different aspects of the atherothrombotic process in relation to the stages of acute coronary syndrome, and may correlate with its severity.This review summarizes the literature on the role of biomarkers of the atherosclerotic plaque with a view to suggest some evidence of feasibility for identification of vulnerable plaques.These evidence may encourage patients with atherosclerosis with more perfect management, involved both primary and secondary prevention.