Vascular endothelial cell injury or dysfunction has been implicated in the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis. Numerous studies have indicated that endothelial cells oxidative and inflammation play an important role in initiation and progress of atherosclerosis. More and more studies have demonstrated that interleukin-4 can increase oxidative stress by inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines and endothelial cell adhesion molecule. Interleukin-4 can accelerate apoptosis and promote endothelial cell updates through a variety of signaling pathway, which can lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction. These studies will most likely provide new targets or direction for the prevention and treatment of vascular inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.