Vascular endothelial progenitor cell is the precursor cell of endothelial cell.Vascular endothelial progenitor cells can proliferate in the blood circulation，differentiate into endothelial cells，and take part in the formation of human embryonic vasculogenesis and the promotion after birth.It is known that protecting vascular endothelial function is one of the important organism that high density lipoprotein prevent atherosclerosis.It is found that in recent study high density lipoprotein can regulate vascular endothelial progenitor cells,The article reviews the research status in this aspect.