Aim To approach the effect of nourishing qi and promoting blood herbs on the apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC) and expression of Bcl-2 in rabbit model with arteriosclerosis and diabetes.Methods By injecting tetraoxypyrimidine intravenous and breeding high glucose and grease animal feeds,the rabbit animal with arteriosclerosis and diabetes can be obtained.The models were divided into three groups randomly:model group,large dose and low dose treatment group,controlled with the normal group.After 12 weeks,all the animals were killed.The pathomorphology of intima of aorta were observed,and the apoptotic rate and expression of Bcl-2 were detected by flow cytometry.Results In the model group the apoptotic rate of smooth muscle cell was higher than that in the normal group(p<0.01),but the expression of Bcl-2 was lower(p<0.01).The visible atheromatous plaque which caused the serious stenosis were observed in model group.In the treatment group the apoptotic rate of smooth muscle cell was lower than that in the model group(p<0.01),but the expression of Bcl-2 was higher(p<0.01),the atheromatous plaque were decreased,and the stenosis were reduced,which were more obvious in the large dose treatment group than in the low dose treatment group.Conclusion The nourishing qi and promoting blood herbs can influence the apoptosis of VSMC and expression of Bcl-2 in rabbit model with arteriosclerosis and diabetes.The herbs have the better treatment on the diabetic arteriosclerosis obliterans.