Aim To evaluate the relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and intracoronary in-stent restenosis during angiographic follow-up.Methods 370 patients were successfully underwent coronary stent implantation with a follow-up study of angiography.They were divided into restenosis group and non-restenosis group.In-stent restenosis was defined as luminal diameter narrowing of intracronary stent by 50% or greater.Results In 370 patients,487 coronary stents were implanted.In-stent restenosis occurred in 123 lesions of 94 patients.Serum concentration of high density lipoprotein in in-stent restenosis group was significant higher than that in non in-stent restenosis group(p<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that low high density lipoprotein was an independent risk factor of in-stent restenosis.Conclusion There is a close relationship between serum high density lipoprotein and in-stent restenosis.The occurrence of in-stent restenosis may be reduced by regulating serum high density lipoprotein.