Aim To investigate the change of Cysteine-rich 61 in rats abdominal artery injured by balloon. Methods Forty-eight Wistar male rats were studied.Balloon injury was conducted in abdominal artery respectively.Rats were killed at different time points and abdominal artery were collected in time.Intimal hyperplasia was studied by histological morphology method.The expression of tissue Cysteine-rich 61 was determined by immunohistochemically,reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western-blot. Results Intimal hyperplasia was present at 7th day after balloon injury,became more obvious at 14th day and in progression at 28th day.No change was observed in control group.The expression of Cysteine-rich 61 increased significantly at 7th day and 14th day after balloon injury,and it was significantly different between injury group and control group(p<0.01).The expression of Cysteine-rich 61 was not significantly different between injury group and control group at 28th day(p<0.05). Conclusions Cysteine-rich 61 expressed stronger in injury group than that in control group,which indicated that Cysteine-rich 61 may play an important role in intimal hyperplasia caused by balloon injury.