Aim To observe the role of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2(TIMP-2) on the left ventricular function and extracellular matrix remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into operator group and sham group, and the model was established by ligation of coronary artery. The left ventricular function (by catheter measuring) were studied at different time. The protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 was examined by immunohistochemical analysis and Western-blot. Results Compared with sham group, the left ventricular function deteriorated and ventricular remodeling occurred after acute myocardial infarction. And the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 elevated (p<0.05). Conclusion Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 involved in the left ventricular function deterioration and ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction.