METTL3在心血管疾病中的作用机制研究进展
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(中南大学基础医学院人体解剖与组织胚胎学系,湖南省长沙市 410013)

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卢珊珊,硕士,研究方向为表观遗传学,E-mail为847311201@qq.com。通信作者刘俊文,博士,教授,博士研究生导师,研究方向为心血管疾病,E-mail为liujunwen@csu.edu.cn。

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(81770462)


Research progress on the mechanism of METTL3 in cardiovascular diseases
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Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China)

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    摘要:

    近年来,由于RNA的甲基化修饰在基因转录后调控中发挥重要作用而引起人们高度关注。其中,RNA的N6甲基腺苷(m6A)修饰是mRNA中除5′帽子结构外含量最高的甲基化修饰。调控m6A修饰的酶分为三大类:RNA甲基转移酶、RNA去甲基化酶和RNA甲基化识别酶,它们分别对RNA的N6-腺苷酸起着催化甲基化修饰、去除甲基化修饰及识别甲基化位点的作用,进而参与下游翻译、RNA降解、控制RNA出核速度等过程。在这些酶中,METTL3作为RNA的甲基转移酶核心成分,具有调控细胞RNA整体m6A修饰的作用。心血管疾病是一类受后天环境因素影响较大的疾病,而后天环境因素通常可以通过表观遗传学的相关机制影响疾病的发生发展,故以转录后调控为核心的表观遗传学在心血管疾病研究中成为热门话题。本综述旨在对近几年与METTL3在心血管疾病中的相关研究进行简单整理总结,有望帮助后续的基础科研和临床工作者了解RNA的m6A修饰在心血管疾病发生发展机制中的研究进展。

    Abstract:

    In recent years, methylation of RNA has attracted much attention due to its important role in post-transcriptional regulation of genes. Among them, the m6A modification of RNA is the highest methylation modification except for the 5′cap structure in mRNA. m6A related enzymes are divided into three categories:RNA methyltransferases, RNA demethylases and m6A binding proteins, which play roles in catalytic methylation modification, removal of methylation modification and identification of the methylation site of N6-adenosine, respectively. Then they can help participate in the downstream gene translation, mRNA degradation, control the speed of the RNA nuclear export, and so on. Among these enzymes, methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), as the core component of RNA methylation transferases, plays a role in regulating the overall m6A modification of cellular RNA. Cardiovascular diseases are a kind of diseases greatly affected by environmental factors, whereas the latter could affect the occurrence and development through epigenetic related mechanism. Therefore, epigenetics has become a hot issue in the study of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this review is to briefly summarize the research work related to METTL3 in cardiovascular diseases, which is expected to help the subsequent scientific research and clinical workers to understand the mechanism of m6A in cardiovascular disease development.

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卢珊珊,刘晗琪,刘俊文. METTL3在心血管疾病中的作用机制研究进展[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2022,30(5):369~374.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-06-27
  • 最后修改日期:2021-09-22
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-05-10