Coronary artery is the earliest and most common place where atherosclerosis occurs. Serious coronary atherosclerosis can cause myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction, which is very harmful to people's health. Compared with other arteries, coronary artery has unique anatomical structure and hemodynamic characteristics, which are significantly related to the occurrence of atherosclerosis. This article reviews the relationship between biomechanical factors and coronary atherosclerosis.