Aim To investigate the effect of asiatic acid (AA) on angiogenesis and ventricular remodeling in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rats and its mechanism, based on the changes of silent information regulator 3 (SIRT3)/β-catenin/peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signaling pathway during the development of AMI. Methods A total of 72 SD rats was randomly divided into groups according to the principle of weight balance. 12 of them were in the blank control group, and the AMI model was made in the remaining rats. After successful modeling, according to the random number table method rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:model group, positive control group, AA high dose group, AA medium dose group and AA low dose group, 12 rats in each group. The blank control group and the model group were given normal saline, the positive control group was given aspirin enteric-coated tablets, and the drug intervention group was given different doses of AA. 28 days later, Doppler ultrasound was used to detect angiogenesis and ventricular remodeling in each group. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expressions of SIRT3, β-catenin and PPARγ mRNA in rat myocardium. The levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Compared with the blank control group, the cardiac function was worse, the microvascular density (MVD) increased, the expressions of SIRT3, β-catenin, PPARγ mRNA and the serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB were all increased, in the model group (P＜0.05). Compared with the model group, the cardiac function was obviously improved, MVD increased, the expressions of SIRT3, β-catenin and PPARγ mRNA increased, and the levels of serum IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB decreased, in each AA drug adiministration group (P＜0.05). Compared with the positive control group, the cardiac function was improved, the MVD increased, the expressions of SIRT3, β-catenin and PPARγ mRNA in the myocardium increased, and the levels of serum IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB decreased, in the high, middle and low dose groups of AA (P＜0.05). Conclusion Asiatic acid inhibits SIRT3/β-catenin/PPARγ signaling pathway in infarcted myocardium of rats, and has protective effect on myocardial tissue of AMI rats.