The investigation on the biological roles and underlying mechanisms of gaseous signaling molecules such as nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide provides a new perspective to understand life activities and the occurrence of diseases. In the column of this issue, a few well-established research teams showed their recent work on endogenous AAT2/SO₂ system inhibited myocardial cell autophagy during cardiac hypertrophy, endogenous H₂S/CSE system suppressed inflammation of endothelial cells and increased skin blood flow by exogenous hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas, respectively, which provide both a new understanding of the cardiovascular effects and mechanisms induced by gaseous signaling molecules and new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Research still needs to be accelerated in the area on exploration of new gaseous transmitters, the function, mechanism, network and determination techniques of gaseous signal molecules in different physiological and pathological states and its clinical significance in vivo.