Aim To understand the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in the elderly residents in Shunqing district of Nanchong city, and provide basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Methods Selecting the Shunqing district of Nanchong city community residents, aged 45 and above, using a face-to-face questionnaire survey, including living habits, chronic disease history, family history of chronic disease. At the same time, compeleting the physical examination and biochemical test by healthy workers who had undergone unified trainings. Results The morbidity, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in Nanchong respectively were 37.8%, 48.1%, 42% and 18%. And the new morbidity was 24%, while according to the new American guidelines in 2017 was 69.59%. Age (OR＝1.047), overweight (OR＝1.5), obesity (OR＝1.911), central obesity (OR＝1.208), smoking (OR＝1.238), short sleep (OR＝1.105), long sleep (OR＝1.261), diabetes (OR＝1.341), dyslipidemia (OR＝1.268), coronary heart disease (OR＝1.57), stroke (OR＝3.33), family history of hypertension (OR＝2.155) and family history of stroke (OR＝1.367) were closely related to the prevalence of hypertension. Conclusion The characteristics of hypertension in the residents aged 45 and above in Nanchong community were high morbidity, and low awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate. The age, overweight, obesity, central obesity, smoking, short sleep duration, long sleep duration, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, stroke, familial history of hypertension, familial history of stroke are independent risk factors of hypertension. It was of great significance to strengthen the prevention and control of hypertension among community residents.