As a new kind of biomarker, the decreased numbers of endothelial progenitor cells can predict the high incidence of cardiovascular events. Nowadays exercise rehabilitation has become a research hotspot, since it can reduce the morbidity of cardiovascular disease and improve the patients’ quality of life. Multiple evidence has demonstrated that cardiovascular rehabilitation can mobilize the endothelial progenitor cells and improve endothelia function,but the mechanism of mobilization is not fully understood，which seems to be closely related to the ischemic stimulation and the regulation of important humoral factors. This review will summarize the effects of exercise training on mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with cardiovascular disease and discuss the possible mechanisms involved.