Aim To explore the expressions of cyclophilin A （CyPA）/CD147 in rabbit atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques.Methods 16 healthy male New Zealand rabbits （3 months） were randomly divided into control group and model group,8 rabbits in each group. Rabbit model with typical atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque was developed by injuring carotid intima with liquid nitrogen combined with high-fat diet. Meanwhile,the control group was fed with standard diet,and without injuriy. Expressions of C-reactive protein （CRP）,CyPA and CD147 in serum of rabbits were tested at the beginning and the 13th week. All rabbits were sacrificed after 13 weeks. Then paraffin-embedded sections were used for HE staining and Masson trichrome staining to analyze the changes of vascular morphology. Additionally,macrophagocyte,CyPA and CD147 monoclonal antibodies were applied for immunohistochemistry staining.Results Atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques were found in model group but not in control group. There were rich expressions of CyPA and CD147 with zonal distribution and co-location in the same atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques. The expressions of CyPA,CD147 and CRP in serum increased significantly in model group compared with those in control group at the 13th week （P<0.05）.Conclusions High expressions of CyPA and CD147 were found in atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques,and the expressions of CyPA and CD147 were the risk factors of the atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques,which have a positive correlation with the existence of atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques.