Aim To investigate the effect of different fasting blood glucose （FBG） levels on ankle-brachial index （ABI） in the elderly population. Methods 101510 workers who had participated in Kailuan health examination in 2006～2007 were stratified randomly, and 5440 participants with sufficient information for questionnaires and blood biochemical tests were recruited. ABI was tested in 2010～2011 Kailuan health examination, and 5189 were included for the final analysis. According to the American Diabetes Association guidelines, the study population was divided into three groups by FBG in 2010～2011 examination: ideal blood group （FBG＜5.6 mmol/L）, impaired fasting glucose （IFG） group （5.6 mmol/L≤FBG＜7.0 mmol/L） and diabetes mellitus group （FBG≥7.0 mmol/L or diabetes mellitus patients）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to calculate the rate for ABI. Results ABI in different groups were 1.10±0.09, 1.09±0.11 and 1.08±0.13 （P＜0.05）, the detection rates of ABI≤0.9 in different groups were 2.97%, 4.74% and 8.81% （P＜0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus was the risk factor for ABI≤0.9, OR value was 1.97 （95% CI was 1.32～2.96）. In the female population, IFG and diabetes mellitus were risk factors for ABI≤0.9, OR value was 2.26 （95% CI was 1.25～4.07） and 2.37 （95% CI was 1.06～5.26）. Conclusion FBG is an independent risk factor for ABI,more pronounced in women.