Aim To investigate the effect of Shexiang Baoxin Wan on cell proliferation,apoptosis and expression of inflammatory factors in human umbilicial vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) induced with hydrogen peroxide(H2O2). Methods Collagenase I was used to digest and isolate HUVEC and then cultured.Bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to assay proliferation of HUVEC in vitro.Cell apoptosis was determined by terminal dUTP nick end labling(TUNEL).Expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1),interleukin-6(IL-6) and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)-P65 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Western-blotting was performed to detect the expression of NF-κB-p65. Results(1)Compared with control,cell growth and proliferation was significantly lower in H2O2 group.The serum of Shexiang Baoxin Wan could inhibit the HUVEC proliferation declined by H2O2 in concentration-dependent manner.Apoptosis was higher in H2O2 groups than that in control group and reserved to normal in 1 g Shexiang Baoxin Wan.(2)Compared with control,the level of MCP-1,IL-6 and NF-κB mRNA in H2O2 group was greatly increased.Shexiang Baoxin Wan could inhibit the expression of these inflammatory factors induced by H2O2 in concentration-dependent manner.The serum of 1 g Shexiang Baoxin Wan remarkly decreased the level of MCP-1,IL-6 and NF-κB-P65 mRNA.(3) Compared to control,the level of NF-κB-P65 was largely increased in H2O2 group,Shexiang Baoxin Wan could inhibit the expression of NF-κB-P65 in concentration-dependent manner.The serum of 1 g Shexiang Baoxin Wan greatly decreased the level of NF-κB-P65. Conclusion The role of Shexiang Baoxin Wan in protecting endothelial cell may be related to inhibiting the inflammatory factors induced by H2O2.