Aim To investigate the effects of simvastatin therapy on vascular endothelial function in patients with hyperlipidemia and its relationship to basic fibroblast growth factor.Methods 54 patients with hyperlipidemia were divided into two groups:simvastatin therapy group (28 patients,simvastatin 20mg daily for 8 weeks) and hyperlipidemia control group (26 patients).29 normal healthy subjects were examined as the normal control group.The flow-mediated dilatation of brachial artery can be evaluated using high resolution ultrasound assessment of changes in the brachial artery diameter of subjects.The content of serum basic fibroblast growth factor and nitric oxide were detected by using the enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay and enzyme reduction of nitrate,respectively.Total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein for each group were measured by routine ways.Results This study showed that the percentage of flow-mediated dilatation increased and the content of serum nitric oxide and basic fibroblast growth factor were enhanced more significantly in simvastatin therapy group than that of hyperlipidemia control group (P<0.05).Compared with the hyperlipidemia control group,total cholesterol,triglyceride and low density lipoprotein decreased and high density lipoprotein increased in simvastatin therapy group (P<0.01).Conclusion Simvastatin can increase the content of serum basic fibroblast growth factor and nitric oxide,improve endothelial function of patients with hyperlipidemia.The effects of simvastatin therapy on improving vascular endothelial function might mainly relate to the decrease in the concentration of blood lipids.