Aim To evaluate conditions of lipid metabolism in the population of Liuzhou. Methods A cohort of the 7 660 residents (3 894 male cases, 3 766 female cases) of Liuzhou, were selected in cluster sampling, average aged 39.5± 11.0 years. Total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), height, weight, waist and hip circumferences of the 7 660 cases were detected and analyzed. Results The average levels of TC, LDLC, TG of both sexes had trend of increasing with age growing. The detecting rate of high TC, high TG, high LDLC and low HDLC in this group were 20.76%, 26.37%, 17.75% and 15.59% , respectively. The dyslipidemia rate had trend of increasing with age growing. The dyslipidernia rate was obviously increased with overweight and obesity. The serum hpid was obviously affected by the waist circumference reflecting fat to accumulate in abdomen. Conclusion The dyslipidemia rate is higher, and the high TG is the most frequent type of the dyslipidemia in this population. Large waist circumference is the major factor affecting lipid metabolism.