Aim To study the effects of naked DNA encoding basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) for treatment acute myocardial infarction in rabbits model. Methods 42 rabbits underwent left thoracotomy followed by the ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. After model reproducing, the rabbits were randomized to receive a directly intramyocardial injection of either pcDNA3 bFGF (n=19) or pcDNA3 (n=18). 2, 6 or 12 weeks later, immunhistologic analysis was performed to study expression of bFGF gene at protein level. Histologic analysis was performed to evaluate angiogenesis induced by gene therapy. Observing the changes of artery wall by pathology image analysis. Results Changes of electrocardiogram testify that the model of AMI is successful. immunuhistologic analysis shows that bFGF gene can express in ischemic myocardial in 6 weeks. Histologic analysis shows:there was a significant increase in the density of capillaries and anterioles in gene therapy group. Calculated the average wall thickness of the big vessels (diameter≥200 μm ) and the ratios of average wall thickness and vessel diameter by image analysis. In bFGF and control groups the average wall thickness 6W were:19.8±9.9 μm vs 18.9±9.6 μm, p>0.05; 12W: 28.3±11.5 μm vs 24.1±11.3 μm, p<0.01, respectively; ratios of 6W: 0.31±0.16, 0.24±0.12, p<0.01; 12W: 0.34±0.15,0.25±0.09,p<0.01. Conclusion Directly intramyocardial injection of bFGF gene can promote angiogenesis and induce vascular remodeling in ischemic myocardium. Suggesting that bFGF gene may have the possibility to become a new treatment strategy for coronary heart disease.